2,346 research outputs found
MC: Multi-wavelength and dynamical analysis of the merging galaxy cluster ZwCl 0008.8+5215: An older and less massive Bullet Cluster
We analyze a rich dataset including Subaru/SuprimeCam, HST/ACS and WFC3,
Keck/DEIMOS, Chandra/ACIS-I, and JVLA/C and D array for the merging galaxy
cluster ZwCl 0008.8+5215. With a joint Subaru/HST weak gravitational lensing
analysis, we identify two dominant subclusters and estimate the masses to be
M
and 1.2 M. We estimate the
projected separation between the two subclusters to be
924 kpc. We perform a clustering analysis on
confirmed cluster member galaxies and estimate the line of sight velocity
difference between the two subclusters to be 92164 km s. We
further motivate, discuss, and analyze the merger scenario through an analysis
of the 42 ks of Chandra/ACIS-I and JVLA/C and D polarization data. The X-ray
surface brightness profile reveals a remnant core reminiscent of the Bullet
Cluster. The X-ray luminosity in the 0.5-7.0 keV band is
1.70.110 erg s and the X-ray
temperature is 4.900.13 keV. The radio relics are polarized up to 40.
We implement a Monte Carlo dynamical analysis and estimate the merger velocity
at pericenter to be 1800 km s. ZwCl
0008.8+5215 is a low-mass version of the Bullet Cluster and therefore may prove
useful in testing alternative models of dark matter. We do not find significant
offsets between dark matter and galaxies, as the uncertainties are large with
the current lensing data. Furthermore, in the east, the BCG is offset from
other luminous cluster galaxies, which poses a puzzle for defining dark matter
-- galaxy offsets.Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journal on March 13, 201
A Stable Self-Tuning Fuzzy Logic Control System for Industrial Temperature Regulation
A closed-loop control system incorporating fuzzy logic has been developed for a class of industrial temperature control problems. A unique fuzzy logic controller (FLC) structure with an efficient realization and a small rule base that can be easily implemented in existing industrial controllers was proposed. The potential of FLC in both software simulation and hardware test in an industrial setting was demonstrated. This includes compensating for thermo mass changes in the system, dealing with unknown and variable delays, operating at very different temperature set points without retuning, etc. It is achieved by implementing, in the FLC, a classical control strategy and an adaptation mechanism to compensate for the dynamic changes in the system. The proposed FLC was applied to two different temperature processes and performance and robustness improvements were observed in both cases. Furthermore, the stability of the FLC is investigated and a safeguard is established
Characteristics of GaInNAsSb VCSELs operating near 1.55µm
A detailed study of the high-power pulsed operation of C-band optically-pumped GaInNAsSb vertical cavity surface emitting lasers is reported. The devices employ a resonant periodic gain structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a GaAs substrate with a 31-pair GaAs/AlAs bottom distributed Bragg reflector and a 4-λ, GaAs-based resonant cavity containing 10 GaInNAsSb quantum wells distributed among the 7 antinodes of the electric field. A dual-pump-band SiO2/TiO2 dielectric top mirror allows efficient optical pumping via low reflectivities at 808nm and 1064nm while providing very high reflectivity at the 1.55μm target emission wavelength. The laser characteristics were evaluated using both a Q-switched Nd:YAG 1064nm pump and a 20W-peak 180ns-pulsed 850nm diode laser. The importance of the gain-cavity detuning was evident from time-dependent spectral measurements of laser material subjected to post-growth annealing at different temperatures between 725 and 775°C. The highest annealing temperature produces the largest blue shift of the gain peak relative to the cavity resonance, resulting in the best power transfer characteristics as well as reduced temperature sensitivity
Aboriginal Men’s Business: A Literature Review of Factors Affecting Aboriginal Men Accessing Sexual Health Services
Introduction: Aboriginal men are relatively young, with a median age of 22 years, nearly half that of their non-Aboriginal counterparts. Aboriginal men also have the highest mortality rates and have the lowest life expectancy. Sexually Transmissible Infection (STI) rates are extremely overrepresented in lower socio-economic groups, including minority populations. STI rates among Aboriginal communities are significantly higher when compared to the non-Aboriginal population.
Aims: In the context of multiple factors impinging on the sexual health of Aboriginal men, we sought to conduct a comprehensive review of the literature for the purpose of developing a framework through which needs and actions to improve sexual health could be identified and understood.
Methods: A targeted, comprehensive search strategy was developed using keywords and synonyms related to the aims of the project. The search included scholarly peer reviewed academic literature available and grey literature from the Wollongong Hospital and the NSW Health library. The search was made more efficient by entering search terms into the Deakin University EBSCOhost search engine, and Google Scholar was searched separately. Grey literature searching was conducted with Clinical Information Access Portal (CIAP), Informit and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO).
Results: The search produced a total number of 385 papers from peer reviewed publications and grey literature. A total of 95 duplicates were removed, leaving 290 papers. After incorporating the screening process, exclusion and inclusion criteria, the total number of articles selected for review was 31 articles.
Discussion: The thematic analysis identified that cultural considerations of Aboriginal ‘Men’s business’ involving traditional lifestyle, cultural practices and the impact of colonisation were only briefly covered in the included studies. The findings of the literature review indicated that Aboriginal men’s health is deeply influenced by their socio-economic status and cultural wellbeing. This review provided limited findings relating to service provision support for Aboriginal men.
Conclusion: Overall, this review presented several concerning factors and evidence of the difficulties for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men accessing sexual health services. Literature identified the long-standing health statistics and deterioration of health and social and emotional wellbeing for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men. While both mainstream health and non-government services are offering limited provision of culturally safe and appropriate healthcare pathways
Effects of low-level dietary microalgae supplementation on the distal intestinal microbiome of farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
In this study, high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing was used to investigate the effect of a novel whole-cell dietary microalgae meal (Schizochytrium limacinum), on the distal intestinal microbiome of farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Heterotrophic microalgae are rich in omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, can be produced sustainably and have been shown to have beneficial effects on host health. After a 15-week trial period, microbial community profiles were compared between the distal intestinal contents of fish fed either a control diet or a treatment diet that partially replaced fish oil with microalgae meal, at a substitution level of 5%. The results of this research showed that the microbial communities of both fish populations were composed of similar microbial taxa, however, the treatment group fed the microalgae supplement possessed a greater level of microbial diversity than those in the control group. A limited number of bacterial taxa were discriminatory between diets and were significantly elevated in the treatment group, notably operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to the genera Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Weissella. However, the overall structure of the intestinal microbiome between control and treatment groups was not found to be significantly different. The treatment group displayed a heavier mean weight and condition factor at the end of the trial period. The results of this study suggest that the tested microalgae meal can be used as a replacement for a proportion of fish oil in aquafeeds, with minor changes to the intestinal microbiome of farmed rainbow trout, and positive effects on growth
Hydration and Ionic Conduction Mechanisms of Hexagonal Perovskite Derivatives
ACKNOWLEDGMENT S.F. and A.C.M. acknowledge STFC-GB for provision of beamtime at ISIS (DOI: 10.5286/ISIS.E.RB1920006) and the ILL. J.A.D. gratefully acknowledges the EPSRC and the MCC/Archer consortium (EP/L000202/1) for computational resources. J.A.D. also gratefully acknowledges Newcastle University for funding through a Newcastle Academic Track (NUAcT) Fellowship Funding Sources This research was supported by the Leverhulme-Trust (RPG2017-351).Peer reviewedPostprin
The rise and fall of star-formation in merging galaxy clusters
CIZA J2242.8+5301 (`Sausage') and 1RXS J0603.3+4213 (`Toothbrush') are two
low-redshift (), massive (), post-core
passage merging clusters, which host shock waves traced by diffuse radio
emission. To study their star-formation properties, we uniformly survey the
`Sausage' and `Toothbrush' clusters in broad and narrow band filters and select
a sample of and line emitters, down to a rest-frame equivalent
width ({\AA}). We robustly separate between H and higher redshift
emitters using a combination of optical multi-band (B, g, V, r, i, z) and
spectroscopic data. We build H luminosity functions for the entire
cluster region, near the shock fronts, and away from the shock fronts and find
striking differences between the two clusters. In the dynamically younger,
Gyr old `Sausage' cluster we find numerous () H emitters above a
star-formation rate (SFR) of M_{\sun} yr surprisingly located
in close proximity to the shock fronts, embedded in very hot intra-cluster
medium plasma. The SFR density for the cluster population is at least at the
level of typical galaxies at . Down to the same star-formation rate,
the possibly dynamically more evolved `Toothbrush' cluster has only
H galaxies. The cluster H galaxies fall on the SFR-stellar mass
relation for the field. However, the `Sausage' cluster has an
H emitter density times that of blank fields. If the shock passes
through gas-rich cluster galaxies, the compressed gas could collapse into dense
clouds and excite star-formation for a few Myr. This process ultimately
leads to a rapid consumption of the molecular gas, accelerating the
transformation of gas-rich field spirals into cluster S0s or ellipticals.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS after minor referee report. 21
pages, 15 figures, 5 table
Dense circum-nuclear molecular gas in starburst galaxies
We present results from a study of the dense circum-nuclear molecular gas of
starburst galaxies. The study aims to investigate the interplay between
starbursts, active galactic nuclei and molecular gas. We characterise the dense
gas traced by HCN, HCO and HNC and examine its kinematics in the
circum-nuclear regions of nine starburst galaxies observed with the Australia
Telescope Compact Array. We detect HCN (10) and HCO (10) in seven
of the nine galaxies and HNC (10) in four. Approximately 7 arcsec resolution
maps of the circum-nuclear molecular gas are presented. The velocity integrated
intensity ratios, HCO (10)/HCN (10) and HNC (10)/HCN (10),
are calculated. Using these integrated intensity ratios and spatial intensity
ratio maps we identify photon dominated regions (PDRs) in NGC 1097, NGC 1365
and NGC 1808. We find no galaxy which shows the PDR signature in only one part
of the observed nuclear region. We also observe unusually strong HNC emission
in NGC 5236, but it is not strong enough to be consistent with X-ray dominated
region (XDR) chemistry. Rotation curves are derived for five of the galaxies
and dynamical mass estimates of the inner regions of three of the galaxies are
made.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 22 December 2015. Main manuscript
is 13 pages, containing 3 figures. Also has 4 appendices of 13 pages total
containing numerous figures and details of calculation
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